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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

2023年1月中上旬“大戏看北京”推13部大戏******

　　“大戏看北京”展演季“云剧场”将于2023年1月中上旬推出13部大戏，剧目涵盖北京曲剧、评剧、京剧、昆曲、舞台剧、话剧、魔术口技、木偶剧等类型。剧目内容丰富多样，包括由经典IP改编的传统戏剧、再现红色历史的革命英雄赞歌、展现悲欢离合的人物故事，还有具有新鲜生命力的原创作品等。

　　经典IP改编的传统戏剧

　　经典IP改编如由老舍同名小说及李龙云同名话剧剧本改编的北京曲剧《正红旗下》，展现了晚清北京八旗子弟的生活状态和心理状态，以百姓的家长里短、小人物的酸甜苦辣，呈现出一幅波澜壮阔的老北京民俗画卷；评剧《祥子与虎妞》改编自老舍著名小说《骆驼祥子》，描写了旧中国的北京城，一群穷苦的人力车夫艰辛凄凉的生活；改编自讽刺小说《儒林外史》的京剧《范进中举》，讲述了下层知识分子范进被不合理的科举制度摧残了一生的故事；昆曲《牧羊记·望乡》整理改编自传统南戏《牧羊记》，展现了苏武出使匈奴即便被扣押，也正气凛然拒不投降的人物气节；昆曲《墙头马上》改编自元代白朴同名杂剧，展现了工部尚书裴行俭之子少俊与洛阳总管李世杰之女李倩君花园墙下一见钟情的爱情故事。

　　再现红色历史

　　革命题材如舞台剧《浪潮》，本剧基于中国左翼作家联盟的五位年轻作家柔石、胡也频、李求实、冯铿、殷夫在上海龙华牺牲的真实历史创作，通过悬疑的表现手法，让五烈士的意识在另一个空间相遇对话；昆曲《飞夺泸定桥》描写了中国工农红军在长征路上突破天险大渡河的故事；人物故事题材如评剧《秦香莲》，讲述了才女秦香莲和书生陈世美相爱结合，陈世美却因考中状元被招驸马将妻女抛弃的悲剧故事；昆曲《李清照》展现了率真果决的“千古第一才女”李清照与张汝舟的“离婚案”。

　　展现悲欢离合

　　原创作品如话剧《喜相逢》，讲述了青年摄影师赵大河从老家东北来到北京，结识了一众善良、热心、埋头为生活打拼的新老邻居的故事；魔术口技晚会《魔趣恒声》集大型魔术、趣味魔术、近景魔术、传统戏法为一体，打造了一场古老与年轻、传统与现代共荣共生的艺术盛宴；真实事件改编戏剧如木偶剧《大象来了》展现了由15头大象组成的亚洲象群在美丽的西双版纳雨林中旖旎前行，欢快玩耍的愉快场面；舞台剧《那年那兔那些事儿——父辈的旗帜》作为一部国民普及互动式偶像剧，将抗美援朝、“两弹一星”、脱贫攻坚战、抗击新冠肺炎疫情、垃圾分类等一系列重要历史事件以及时政热点事件向观众娓娓道来。（文/记者杨文杰）

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）