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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

人民网评：发挥组织作用，确保农村地区疫情平稳过峰******

　　农村、社区是疫情防控的一道重要关口，是保障群众健康的“最后一公里 ”。日前，中央农村工作领导小组办公室、国务院联防联控机制综合组等八部门联合印发《关于充分发挥农村基层组织作用加强农村地区新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控工作的指导意见》，要求针对农村地区疫情防控实际，进一步发挥好农村基层组织作用。各地区各部门应结合实际抓好贯彻落实，最大程度保护农村居民生命安全和身体健康，最大限度减少疫情对农村经济社会发展的影响。

　　2023年春节日益临近，人员流动加大，返乡人员增多，由此带来的疫情传播风险随之加大，农村地区疫情防控到了最吃劲的时候。对广大农村地区来说，统筹整合各方面资源和力量，形成科学有效应对疫情和全方位全链条做好健康服务工作的强大合力，尤为重要，也格外紧迫。从这个意义上说，科学高效做好农村地区疫情防控，推进农村地区疫情平稳压峰过峰，必须依靠强有力的组织力量，必须充分发挥农村基层组织作用。

　　在基层疫情防控体系中，农村基层党组织处于关键位置。一方面，农村基层党组织拥有整合资源的优势，发挥着战斗堡垒作用；另一方面，包括村组干部、驻村第一书记和工作队、农村党员等在内的党员干部冲在一线，与群众离得最近，是防控工作中担当作为的重要力量。关键时刻显担当。做好农村地区疫情防控和健康服务工作，农村基层党组织和党员不仅要真正成为群众信得过、靠得住的“主心骨”，更要在守土有责、统筹协调中能打硬仗。围绕“保健康、防重症”，农村基层党组织、村民自治组织等唯有迅速落实疫情防控各项举措，积极应对政策调整后农村地区可能出现的风险，才能确保农村地区平稳过峰。

　　充分发挥农村基层组织作用，并不是简单地向下“压担子”，而是依托于“上下联通”的责任体系和工作体系。这就要求“五级书记”像抓脱贫攻坚一样抓农村地区的疫情防控，落实省负总责、市抓调度、县乡村抓落实的要求，切实把疫情防控各项措施落实到村到户。尤其是乡镇、村这一级，要重点在落实落细上下功夫，协同做好政策宣传、健康教育、疫苗接种、重点人群健康调查监测、感染者居家治疗照护、购药送药等服务保障工作。层层压实责任，级级做好工作，才能为农村地区织密织牢疫情防控网。

　　应该看到，我国农村地域广、人口多、人均医疗资源相对不足。抓好农村地区疫情防控，必须抓紧补齐农村地区疫情防控的短板。针对农村重点人群，实行建档立卡、精准筛查，建立重点人群包人包户联系人制度，通过多种方式及时动态监测跟踪其健康状况。针对医疗物资需求，加强供需对接，加快药品配送，优先保障农村医疗卫生机构和养老机构的药品、防疫物资配备充足。用好网格化管理、精细化服务、信息化支撑，把各类组织和广大群众动员起来，坚决打赢农村地区疫情防控这场硬仗。

　　疫情终将过去，曙光就在前头。农村地区疫情防控工作，既重要又紧迫，各地区各部门要注重畅通信息沟通渠道，积极回应群众关切，确保群众反映的问题能尽快妥善解决。疫情防控，人人有责，每个人都要做好自己健康的第一责任人，共同维护好农村地区健康有序的生产生活秩序，让我们共同度过一个健康、安全、祥和的新春佳节。（仲田）

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）